Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности
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1. The slide rule in its basic form uses … logarithmic scales to allow fast multiplication and division of numbers
*two
*three
*four
*five
2. In 1936, Alan Turing invented a universal machine, which was later called …
*the Colossus
*the Turing machine
*the Differential Analyzer
*the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine
3. … are made for program logic and for computer memory
*Monitors
*Usb-ports
*Vacuum tubes
*Microchips
4. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “In 1944 Howard Aiken (develop) … Mark l that could perform calculations involving large numbers”
5. The description of a type of microcomputer is down below: “This type of microcomputer is just like a Mobile Device, but bigger than Smartphone and smaller then Notebook Computer. Just like Totally Smartphone feature like Touch screen display, power full Battery Backup and we can calling and receiving call and click pictures and anything”. Find out, what kind of microcomputer it is.
*This is a description of the tablet
*This is a description of the laptop
*This is a description of the smartphone
6. Match machines to their characteristics:
A. Jacquard Loom
B. Analytical Engine
C. Z3
D. Harvard Mark I
E. punched wooden cards
F. mechanical-digital computer
G. fully automatic computing machine
H. automatic sequence controlled calculator
7. The … is a small-scale special-purpose electronic digital machine for the solution of systems of linear algebraic equations and the first electronic computer incorporating vacuum tubes for digital computation
*Colossus
*Turing machine
*Differential Analyzer
*Atanasoff-Berry computer
8. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Resolutions and colors of computers (progress) … quickly by 2022”
9. Match computers to their characteristics:
A. IBM
B. Apple
C. Mark 1
D. ENIAC
E. manufactured an easy-to-use computer with keyboard and mouse
F. stands for International Business Machine
G. the first computer
H. stands Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
10. Arrange the computers in chronological order of their creation:
1 Mark 1
2 Atanasoff-Berry Computer
3 Z1
4 abacus
5 EDVAC
1 2 3 4 5
11. The “information economy” and “post-industrial society”, two concepts from that period, are still key parts of the information … concept
12. According to the research company comScore Networks in 2019, the number of Internet users worldwide amounted to 747 million people. The United States has the largest audience of Internet users – 153.4 million people, that is, almost every second American regularly goes online. In second place is China – in China today 86.8 million Internet users. Russia still occupies 13th place in terms of the number of people connected to the Network – 12.7 million people. However, Africa with 800 million people accounts for only 1 % of the total number of its users in the world, with 90 % of them living in South Africa. Identify the type of information society problem in the above case study.
*labor unemployment
*inequality of countries and regions
*insecurity of personal data
13. The network can serve as a means of … propaganda materials of criminal organizations, recipes for the manufacture of explosives and poisonous substances, weapons, narcotic and psychotropic drugs, and methods for breaking electronic and other ciphers
*disseminating
*decreasing
*reduction
*removal
14. The term “developed post-industrial society” was introduced by …
*W. Martin
*I. Rakitov
*N. Kurnosov
*F. Machlup
*two
*three
*four
*five
2. In 1936, Alan Turing invented a universal machine, which was later called …
*the Colossus
*the Turing machine
*the Differential Analyzer
*the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine
3. … are made for program logic and for computer memory
*Monitors
*Usb-ports
*Vacuum tubes
*Microchips
4. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “In 1944 Howard Aiken (develop) … Mark l that could perform calculations involving large numbers”
5. The description of a type of microcomputer is down below: “This type of microcomputer is just like a Mobile Device, but bigger than Smartphone and smaller then Notebook Computer. Just like Totally Smartphone feature like Touch screen display, power full Battery Backup and we can calling and receiving call and click pictures and anything”. Find out, what kind of microcomputer it is.
*This is a description of the tablet
*This is a description of the laptop
*This is a description of the smartphone
6. Match machines to their characteristics:
A. Jacquard Loom
B. Analytical Engine
C. Z3
D. Harvard Mark I
E. punched wooden cards
F. mechanical-digital computer
G. fully automatic computing machine
H. automatic sequence controlled calculator
7. The … is a small-scale special-purpose electronic digital machine for the solution of systems of linear algebraic equations and the first electronic computer incorporating vacuum tubes for digital computation
*Colossus
*Turing machine
*Differential Analyzer
*Atanasoff-Berry computer
8. Open the brackets, put the verb in the correct form in sentence: “Resolutions and colors of computers (progress) … quickly by 2022”
9. Match computers to their characteristics:
A. IBM
B. Apple
C. Mark 1
D. ENIAC
E. manufactured an easy-to-use computer with keyboard and mouse
F. stands for International Business Machine
G. the first computer
H. stands Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
10. Arrange the computers in chronological order of their creation:
1 Mark 1
2 Atanasoff-Berry Computer
3 Z1
4 abacus
5 EDVAC
1 2 3 4 5
11. The “information economy” and “post-industrial society”, two concepts from that period, are still key parts of the information … concept
12. According to the research company comScore Networks in 2019, the number of Internet users worldwide amounted to 747 million people. The United States has the largest audience of Internet users – 153.4 million people, that is, almost every second American regularly goes online. In second place is China – in China today 86.8 million Internet users. Russia still occupies 13th place in terms of the number of people connected to the Network – 12.7 million people. However, Africa with 800 million people accounts for only 1 % of the total number of its users in the world, with 90 % of them living in South Africa. Identify the type of information society problem in the above case study.
*labor unemployment
*inequality of countries and regions
*insecurity of personal data
13. The network can serve as a means of … propaganda materials of criminal organizations, recipes for the manufacture of explosives and poisonous substances, weapons, narcotic and psychotropic drugs, and methods for breaking electronic and other ciphers
*disseminating
*decreasing
*reduction
*removal
14. The term “developed post-industrial society” was introduced by …
*W. Martin
*I. Rakitov
*N. Kurnosov
*F. Machlup
Дополнительная информация:
15. According to the … criterion highlighted by W. Martin, the main characteristics of the information society are information technology, which is widely used in production, institutions, the education system and in everyday life
*social
*cultural
*economic
*technological
16. The information society is established in those countries – … – in which a post-industrial society was formed in the 60s and 70s
*in Brazil, Saudi Arabia, China
*In Japan, the USA, Western Europe
*in Indonesia, India, Singapore
*in Russia, Poland, Georgia
17. One of the advantages of Russia is an advantageous geographical location between trade and information and telecommunication flows …
*South-East
*West-East
*South-North
*North-East
18. The unfair situation in society when some people have more opportunities, money, etc. than other people, is called …
19. Match the sentence with the time it was written:
A. Economists, sociologists, and other researchers began to investigate the effects of telecommunications and computing technologies on mature industrial countries during the 1950s and 1970s
B. For practically all of human history, labor has been sacral for the majority of people
C. Gartner has been studying and publishing the dynamics of the emergence and development of information technology for several years
D. The term “information society” refers to the social, economic, technological, and cultural changes E. Past Simple
F. Present Perfect
G. Present Perfect Continuous
H. Present Simple
20. Match the main characteristics of the information society according to the following criteria by W. Martin:
A. Technological
B. Social
C. Economic
D. Political
E. Cultural
F. the key factor is information technologies, which are widely used in production, institutions, the education system and in everyday life
G. information acts as an important stimulant for changing the quality of life, “information consciousness” is formed and affirmed with wide access to information
H. information is a key factor in the economy as a resource, service, product, source of value added and employment
I. freedom of information leading to a political process characterized by growing participation and consensus among different classes and social strata of the population
J. recognition of the cultural value of information by promoting the assertion of information values in the interests of the development of the individual and society as a whole
21. … integrated circuits are the name for the initial generations of commercially produced microelectronic devices (SSI)
22. Below is a description of one of the technologies: “It is a subfield of electronics. These devices are typically made from semiconductor materials. These include transistors, capacitors, inductors, resistors, diodes and (naturally) insulators and conductors. As a result, this kind of IT has the potential to lower skill requirements in some vocations while raising them in others. It has influenced our daily lives in a variety of ways, making our routines a little more pleasant”. Which technology is described in the text?
*This is a description of photonics, which are an application of light generation, detection, and manipulation through emission, transmission, modulation, signal processing, switching, amplification, and sensing
*This is a description of nanoelectronics, because it refers to the use of nanotechnology in electronic components. It is a set of devices and materials, with the common characteristic that they are so small that inter-atomic interactions and quantum mechanical properties need to be studied extensively
*This is a description of microelectronics, because as the name suggests, microelectronics relate, to the study and manufacture (or microfabrication) of very small electronic designs and components
23. The introduction of microelectronic circuits did not, for the most part, modify the … of the basic functional units: transistors, resistors, capacito
*social
*cultural
*economic
*technological
16. The information society is established in those countries – … – in which a post-industrial society was formed in the 60s and 70s
*in Brazil, Saudi Arabia, China
*In Japan, the USA, Western Europe
*in Indonesia, India, Singapore
*in Russia, Poland, Georgia
17. One of the advantages of Russia is an advantageous geographical location between trade and information and telecommunication flows …
*South-East
*West-East
*South-North
*North-East
18. The unfair situation in society when some people have more opportunities, money, etc. than other people, is called …
19. Match the sentence with the time it was written:
A. Economists, sociologists, and other researchers began to investigate the effects of telecommunications and computing technologies on mature industrial countries during the 1950s and 1970s
B. For practically all of human history, labor has been sacral for the majority of people
C. Gartner has been studying and publishing the dynamics of the emergence and development of information technology for several years
D. The term “information society” refers to the social, economic, technological, and cultural changes E. Past Simple
F. Present Perfect
G. Present Perfect Continuous
H. Present Simple
20. Match the main characteristics of the information society according to the following criteria by W. Martin:
A. Technological
B. Social
C. Economic
D. Political
E. Cultural
F. the key factor is information technologies, which are widely used in production, institutions, the education system and in everyday life
G. information acts as an important stimulant for changing the quality of life, “information consciousness” is formed and affirmed with wide access to information
H. information is a key factor in the economy as a resource, service, product, source of value added and employment
I. freedom of information leading to a political process characterized by growing participation and consensus among different classes and social strata of the population
J. recognition of the cultural value of information by promoting the assertion of information values in the interests of the development of the individual and society as a whole
21. … integrated circuits are the name for the initial generations of commercially produced microelectronic devices (SSI)
22. Below is a description of one of the technologies: “It is a subfield of electronics. These devices are typically made from semiconductor materials. These include transistors, capacitors, inductors, resistors, diodes and (naturally) insulators and conductors. As a result, this kind of IT has the potential to lower skill requirements in some vocations while raising them in others. It has influenced our daily lives in a variety of ways, making our routines a little more pleasant”. Which technology is described in the text?
*This is a description of photonics, which are an application of light generation, detection, and manipulation through emission, transmission, modulation, signal processing, switching, amplification, and sensing
*This is a description of nanoelectronics, because it refers to the use of nanotechnology in electronic components. It is a set of devices and materials, with the common characteristic that they are so small that inter-atomic interactions and quantum mechanical properties need to be studied extensively
*This is a description of microelectronics, because as the name suggests, microelectronics relate, to the study and manufacture (or microfabrication) of very small electronic designs and components
23. The introduction of microelectronic circuits did not, for the most part, modify the … of the basic functional units: transistors, resistors, capacito
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